Abstract refers to something that is conceptual or theoretical rather than concrete or specific. It often involves ideas or concepts that are not tangible or easily defined. In art, an abstract piece may not represent any recognizable objects or scenes, instead focusing on shapes, colors, and forms. Overall, abstract can be used to describe things that are not easily understood or defined in a straightforward manner. **

Abstract nouns are nouns that represent ideas, concepts, or emotions rather than physical objects. They cannot be perceived by the five senses and are typically intangible. Examples of abstract nouns include love, happiness, freedom, and justice. These nouns often require context or explanation to understand their meaning. **

Abstract painting is a style of art that does not attempt to represent an accurate depiction of visual reality. Instead, it focuses on the use of color, shape, form, and gestural marks to create a composition that is non-representational and often non-objective. Abstract paintings can evoke emotions, ideas, and sensations through the use of non-representational elements, allowing for a more subjective and personal interpretation by the viewer. This style of painting emerged in the early 20th century and has since become a significant and influential movement in the art world. **

Abstract expressionism is a post-World War II art movement that emerged in the United States in the 1940s. It is characterized by the use of abstract forms, expressive brushwork, and a focus on conveying emotions and feelings rather than representing the physical world. Artists associated with abstract expressionism include Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, and Mark Rothko. The movement is often seen as a reaction against traditional artistic conventions and a celebration of individual creativity and freedom. **

In Islam, the permissibility of abstract drawings is a matter of differing opinions among scholars. Some scholars consider abstract drawings to be permissible as long as they do not depict anything that is prohibited in Islam, such as nudity or idolatry. Other scholars may consider all forms of visual representation to be haram, especially if they are used for idolatrous purposes. It is important for individuals to seek guidance from knowledgeable scholars and to consider the intention and context behind the creation and use of abstract drawings. **

Artworks can cost a lot due to various factors such as the reputation and popularity of the artist, the rarity and uniqueness of the piece, the materials and techniques used, and the demand for the artwork. Additionally, the cost of creating and promoting the artwork, as well as the commission fees for galleries and art dealers, can also contribute to the high price. Ultimately, the value of an artwork is subjective and can be influenced by a combination of these factors. **

Artworks have the power to evoke emotions, provoke thoughts, and inspire creativity. They can serve as a form of expression for the artist and a means of communication with the audience. Artworks can also challenge societal norms, spark conversations, and bring people together through shared experiences. Ultimately, the effect of artworks is subjective and can vary greatly from person to person, making them a powerful and impactful medium of expression. **

Yes, Germany should return the stolen artworks to their rightful owners or their descendants. These artworks were looted during World War II and hold significant cultural and historical value to the countries and individuals they were taken from. Returning the stolen artworks would be a step towards acknowledging and rectifying the injustices of the past, and would help to restore a sense of justice and closure for the affected parties. It would also demonstrate Germany's commitment to addressing the legacy of Nazi looting and its impact on the art world. **